Penatalaksanaan Holistik Artritis Gout dan Hipertensi pada Pria 66 Tahun melalui Pendekatan Kedokteran Keluarga
Abstract
Artritis gout adalah penyakit sistemik yang disebabkan oleh pengendapan kristal monosodium urat di jaringan. Insidennya meningkat secara global akibat pola makan yang buruk, konsumsi makanan cepat saji, kurangnya aktivitas fisik, serta tingginya angka obesitas dan sindrom metabolik. Hipertensi, yang memiliki faktor risiko serupa, didefinisikan sebagai peningkatan tekanan darah sistolik ≥140 mmHg dan diastolik ≥90 mmHg setelah dua kali pengukuran terpisah. Di Indonesia, Riskesdas mencatat sekitar 63.309.650 kasus hipertensi dengan angka kematian mencapai 427.218 kasus. Tujuan dilakukannya studi ini adalah untuk menerapkan prinsip dokter keluarga secara holistik dan komprehensif untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko internal dan eksternal serta menyelesaikan masalah pasien berbasis EBM dengan pendekatan patient-centered, family-approached, dan community-oriented. Studi ini merupakan laporan kasus. Data primer diperoleh melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan kunjungan rumah, sementara data sekunder berasal dari rekam medis pasien. Evaluasi dilakukan secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif melalui diagnosis holistik sejak awal hingga akhir intervensi. Sebelum intervensi, pasien mengalami kekhawatiran dalam beraktivitas, gangguan pola makan, dan kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai penyakitnya. Keluarga juga memiliki pemahaman terbatas tentang artritis gout dan hipertensi. Setelah intervensi, terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan pasien dan keluarga, perbaikan kadar asam urat, serta perubahan gaya hidup yang lebih sehat.
References
Aihemaitijiang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, L., Yang, J., Ye, C., Halimulati, M., Zhang, W., & Zhang, Z. (2020). The Association between Purine-Rich Food Intake and Hyperuricemia: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chinese Adult Residents. In Nutrients (Vol. 12, Issue 12). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123835
Asghari, K. M., Zahmatyar, M., Seyedi, F., Motamedi, A., Zolfi, M., Alamdary, S. J., Fazlollahi, A., Shamekh, A., Mousavi, S. E., Nejadghaderi, S. A., Mohammadinasab, R., Ghazi-Sha’rbaf, J., Karamzad, N., Sullman, M. J. M., Kolahi, A.-A., & Safiri, S. (2024). Gout: global epidemiology, risk factors, comorbidities and complications: a narrative review. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 25(1), 1047. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-024-08180-9
Borghi, C., Agnoletti, D., Cicero, A. F. G., Lurbe, E., & Virdis, A. (2022). Uric Acid and Hypertension: a Review of Evidence and Future Perspectives for the Management of Cardiovascular Risk. Hypertension, 79(9), 1927–1936. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.17956
Ch, Y., & Ardini, D. (2018). Studi Deskriptif Pemberian Obat Pasien Hipertensi Di Puskesmas Tanjungsari Kecamatan Natar Kabupaten Lampung Selatan Descriptive Study of Provision of Medication for Hypertensive Patients in Tanjungsari Health Center , Natar District , South Lampung Regen. 8(1), 22–26.
Cha, Y., Lee, J., Choy, W., Lee, J. S., Lee, H. H., & Chae, D.-S. (2024). Pathophysiology and Treatment of Gout Arthritis; including Gout Arthritis of Hip Joint: A Literature Review. Hip & Pelvis, 36(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5371/hp.2024.36.1.1
Dijkstra, B. M., Felten-Barentsz, K. M., van der Valk, M. J. M., Pelgrim, T., van der Hoeven, H. G., Schoonhoven, L., Ebben, R. H. A., & Vloet, L. C. M. (2023). Family participation in essential care activities: Needs, perceptions, preferences, and capacities of intensive care unit patients, relatives, and healthcare providers—An integrative review. Australian Critical Care, 36(3), 401–419. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aucc.2022.02.003
Engle, R. L., Mohr, D. C., Holmes, S. K., Seibert, M. N., Afable, M., Leyson, J., & Meterko, M. (2021). Evidence-based practice and patient-centered care: Doing both well. Health Care Management Review, 46(3), 174–184. https://doi.org/10.1097/HMR.0000000000000254
Fenando, A., Rednam, M., Gujarathi, R., & Widrich, J. (2024). Gout. StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546606/
Hidayatullah, M. D., Nusadewiarti, A., & Ardella, K. B. (2024). Penatalaksanaan Holistik Laki – Laki Usia 65 Tahun Dengan Gout Arthritis Dan Diabetes Melitus Melalui Pendekatan Kedokteran Keluarga Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Panjang : Laporan Kasus. Jurnal Kesehatan Dan Agromedicine, 11(1), 128–139.
Iqbal, A. M., & Jamal, S. F. (2023). Essential Hypertension. StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539859/
Kemenkes. (2023). Survei Kesehatan Indonesia 2023 (SKI). Kemenkes, 235.
Mills, K. T., Stefanescu, A., & He, J. (2020). The global epidemiology of hypertension. Nature Reviews. Nephrology, 16(4), 223–237. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-019-0244-2
Musa, I. M., Indarwati Abdullah, R. P., Akbar, M. A., & Ramadhan, W. (2022). Penyuluhan Diet Rendah Purin dan Pemeriksaan Kadar Asam Urat Darah sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Penyakit Akibat Hiperurisemia. Jurnal Pengabdian Kedokteran Indonesia, 3(2), 86–93. https://doi.org/10.33096/jpki.v3i2.195
Parisa, N., Kamaluddin, M. T., Saleh, M. I., & Sinaga, E. (2023). The inflammation process of gout arthritis and its treatment. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research, 14(3), 166–170. https://doi.org/10.4103/japtr.japtr_144_23
Perez-Ruiz, F., & Desideri, G. (2018). Improving adherence to gout therapy: an expert review. Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management, 14, 793–802. https://doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S162956
Perhimpunan Reumatologi Indonesia. (2024). Pedoman Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Hiperurisemia & Artritis Gout.
Peristiowati, Y., Pujiati, E., Arantriwardhani, Pujiati, E., Andariningsih, Ti’ani, Y., Nusnah, T., Murtiawani, I., Wahyuningtyas, A. D., & Sutrisno, J. (2024). The Effect Of Consumption Of A High-Purine Diet On Increasing Uric Acid Levels And Blood Pressure In The Elderly In Kediri District. 6(1), 43–50.
Pillinger, M. H., & Mandell, B. F. (2020). Therapeutic approaches in the treatment of gout. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, 50(3, Supplement), S24–S30. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.04.010
Ragab, G., Elshahaly, M., & Bardin, T. (2017). Gout: An old disease in new perspective - A review. Journal of Advanced Research, 8(5), 495–511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2017.04.008
Safiri, S., Kolahi, A.-A., Cross, M., Carson-Chahhoud, K., Hoy, D., Almasi-Hashiani, A., Sepidarkish, M., Ashrafi-Asgarabad, A., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Mansournia, M. A., Kaufman, J. S., Collins, G., Woolf, A. D., March, L., & Smith, E. (2020). Prevalence, Incidence, and Years Lived With Disability Due to Gout and Its Attributable Risk Factors for 195 Countries and Territories 1990-2017: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Arthritis & Rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 72(11), 1916–1927. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.41404
Saito, Y., Tanaka, A., Node, K., & Kobayashi, Y. (2021). Uric acid and cardiovascular disease: A clinical review. Journal of Cardiology, 78(1), 51–57. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjcc.2020.12.013
Seth, R., Kydd, A., Buchbinder, R., Bombardier, C., & Edwards, C. (2014). Allopurinol for chronic gout. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 10, CD006077. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006077.pub3
Siddiq, M. A. B., Jansen, T. L., & Rasker, J. J. (2022). What is the Place for Uricosuric Agents in Gout Management? Current Rheumatology Reviews, 18(4), 279–285. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573397118666220308160124
Singh, J. A., & Gaffo, A. (2020). Gout epidemiology and comorbidities. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, 50(3S), S11–S16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.04.008
Subawa, W., Astawa, P., Lie, N., Af, C. S. & R., & i. (2021). Chronic tophaceous gout arthritis with infected giant podagra on first ray: a case report. International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology, 16(7), 197-.
te Kampe, R., Janssen, M., van Durme, C., Jansen, T. L., & Boonen, A. (2021). Sex differences in the clinical profile among patients with gout: Cross-sectional analyses of an observational study. Journal of Rheumatology, 48(2), 286–292. https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.200113
Ulkhasanah, M. E., Widiastuti, A., & Sani, F. N. (2022). Stretching Exercise Untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Pada Lansia Penderita Gout Arthritis Di TAWANGSARI. Prosiding Seminar Informasi Kesehatan Nasional (SIKesNas) 2022, Salma 2021, 292–295. https://ejurnal.ung.ac.id/index.php/jnj/article/view/2074
Wang, H., Yan, C., Wu, Q., Zeng, H., Zhang, Z., Wang, W., & Sun, X. (2023). Acute gout attacks during the perioperative period and risk factors of recurrence after orthopedic surgery among untreated gout patients. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 18(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-03536-8
WHO. (2023). Global report on hypertension (Vol. 01).
Yokose, C., McCormick, N., & Choi, H. K. (2021). Dietary and Lifestyle-Centered Approach in Gout Care and Prevention. In Current rheumatology reports (Vol. 23, Issue 7, p. 51). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-021-01020-y
Zhang, Y., Chen, S., Yuan, M., Xu, Y., & Xu, H. (2022). Gout and Diet: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Management. In Nutrients (Vol. 14, Issue 17). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14173525
![88+ Daftar Jurnal Sinta 5 Gratis Yang Terbit Bulan Ini? [Update 2022]](https://stiqwalisongo.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/sinta-5.jpg){kind=small}
