Pendidikan Kesehatan tentang Efek Tiroid pada Kehamilan melalui Peran Tim Pendamping Keluarga
Abstract
Gangguan tiroid merupakan salah satu kelainan endokrin yang paling umum terjadi pada kehamilan. Kehamilan dikaitkan dengan modifikasi besar dalam regulasi fungsi tiroid. Perubahan ini disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor seperti peningkatan globulin pengikat tiroksin (TBG) karena peningkatan estrogen dan human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), peningkatan kehilangan yodium melalui ginjal karena peningkatan laju filtrasi glomerulus, modifikasi metabolisme perifer ibu. hormon tiroid, dan modifikasi transfer yodium ke plasenta. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengedukasi ibu hamil terhadap pentingnya efek dari gangguan tiroid selama kehamilan. Metode yang digunakan untuk memberikan edukasi tentang efek tiroid pada kehamilan adalah metode konseling melalui media booklet dengan peran Tim Pendamping Keluarga. Kegiatan pelayanan masyarakat menunjukkan tanggapan yang positif dari ibu hamil di keluarahan gunung samarinda dan partisipasi aktif dalam proses diskusi mengenai efek gangguan tiroid pada kehamilan. Peserta pengabdian ini sebanyak 25 ibu hamil dengan hamper 95% ibu belum memahami tentang efek gangguan tiroid pada kehamilan.
References
Alexander, E. K., Pearce, E. N., Brent, G. A., Brown, R. S., Chen, H., Dosiou, C., Grobman, W. A., Laurberg, P., Lazarus, J. H., Mandel, S. J., Peeters, R. P., & Sullivan, S. (2017). 2017 Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Disease during Pregnancy and the Postpartum. Thyroid, 27(3), 315–389. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2016.0457
Angell, T. E., & Alexander, E. K. (2019). Thyroid Nodules and Thyroid Cancer in the Pregnant Woman. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, 48(3), 557–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2019.05.003
Bekkering, G. E., Agoritsas, T., Lytvyn, L., Heen, A. F., Feller, M., Moutzouri, E., Abdulazeem, H., Aertgeerts, B., Beecher, D., Brito, J. P., Farhoumand, P. D., Singh Ospina, N., Rodondi, N., Van Driel, M., Wallace, E., Snel, M., Okwen, P. M., Siemieniuk, R., Vandvik, P. O., … Vermandere, M. (2019). Thyroid hormones treatment for subclinical hypothyroidism: A clinical practice guideline. The BMJ, 365, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l2006
De Groot, L., Abalovich, M., Alexander, E. K., Amino, N., Barbour, L., Cobin, R. H., Eastman, C. J., Lazarus, J. H., Luton, D., Mandel, S. J., Mestman, J., Rovet, J., & Sullivan, S. (2012). Management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and postpartum: An endocrine society clinical practice guideline. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 97(8), 2543–2565. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-2803
Gauthier, B. R., Sola-García, A., Cáliz-Molina, M. Á., Lorenzo, P. I., Cobo-Vuilleumier, N., Capilla-González, V., & Martin-Montalvo, A. (2020). Thyroid hormones in diabetes, cancer, and aging. Aging Cell, 19(11), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13260
Guo, W., Wang, W., Jin, Y., Chen, W., Chen, L., Lin, L., Cheng, Y., Cui, T., Chen, Y., Pan, Z., Shen, J., Tan, L., Gao, M., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, W. (2020). Trimester-Specific Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women with Different Iodine Statuses. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 76(3), 165–174. https://doi.org/10.1159/000506276
Hammad, M. A., Sulaiman, S. A. S., Aziz, N. A., & Noor, D. A. M. (2019). Prescribing statins among patients with type 2 diabetes: The clinical gap between the guidelines and practice. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 24(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.4103/jrms.JRMS
Krysiak, R., Szkróbka, W., & Okopień, B. (2019). The Effect of Gluten-Free Diet on Thyroid Autoimmunity in Drug-Naïve Women with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: A Pilot Study. Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes, 127(7), 417–422. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0653-7108
Kurimoto, C., Inaba, H., Ariyasu, H., Iwakura, H., Ueda, Y., Uraki, S., Takeshima, K., Furukawa, Y., Morita, S., Yamamoto, Y., Yamashita, S., Katsuda, M., Hayata, A., Akamatsu, H., Jinnin, M., Hara, I., Yamaue, H., & Akamizu, T. (2020). Predictive and sensitive biomarkers for thyroid dysfunctions during treatment with immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Cancer Science, 111(5), 1468–1477. https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.14363
Luton, D., Le Gac, I., Vuillard, E., Castanet, M., Guibourdenche, J., Noel, M., Toubert, M. E., Léger, J., Boissinot, C., Schlageter, M. H., Garel, C., Tébeka, B., Oury, J. F., Czernichow, P., & Polak, M. (2005). Management of Graves’ disease during pregnancy: The key role of fetal thyroid gland monitoring. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 90(11), 6093–6098. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2004-2555
Maraka, S., Mwangi, R., McCoy, R. G., Yao, X., Sangaralingham, L. R., Singh Ospina, N. M., O’Keeffe, D. T., De Ycaza, A. E. E., Rodriguez-Gutierrez, R., Coddington, C. C., Stan, M. N., Brito, J. P., & Montori, V. M. (2017). Thyroid hormone treatment among pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism: US national assessment. BMJ (Online), 356(January), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i6865
Moleti, M., Di Mauro, M., Sturniolo, G., Russo, M., & Vermiglio, F. (2019). Hyperthyroidism in the pregnant woman: Maternal and fetal aspects. Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology, 16(March), 100190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcte.2019.100190
Negro, R., Formoso, G., Mangieri, T., Pezzarossa, A., Dazzi, D., & Hassan, H. (2006). Levothyroxine treatment in euthyroid pregnant women with autoimmune thyroid disease: Effects on obstetrical complications. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 91(7), 2587–2591. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2005-1603
Ollero, M. D., Pineda, J., Martínez de Esteban, J. P., Toni, M., Espada, M., & Anda, E. (2019). Optimization of the follow-up of pregnant women with autoimmune thyroid disease. Endocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición (English Ed.), 66(5), 305–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endien.2018.08.010
Sari, H. E. (2024). Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research, 2(4), 353–366. https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v2i4.250
Sepasi, F., Rashidian, T., Shokri, M., Badfar, G., Kazemi, F., & Azami, M. (2020). Thyroid dysfunction in Iranian pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-03040-5
Stagnaro-Green, A., Dong, A., & Stephenson, M. D. (2020). Universal screening for thyroid disease during pregnancy should be performed. Best Practice and Research: Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 34(4), 101320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2019.101320
Wildisen, L., Feller, M., Del Giovane, C., Moutzouri, E., Du Puy, R. S., Mooijaart, S. P., Collet, T. H., Poortvliet, R. K. E., Kearney, P., Quinn, T. J., Klöppel, S., Bauer, D. C., Peeters, R. P., Westendorp, R., Aujesky, D., Gussekloo, J., & Rodondi, N. (2021). Effect of Levothyroxine Therapy on the Development of Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults with Subclinical Hypothyroidism: An Ancillary Study of a Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Network Open, 4(2), 36645. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.36645
Yuan, X., Zhao, J., Wang, J., Zheng, W., Kong, Y., & Li, G. (2023). Pregnancy outcomes and neonatal thyroid function in women with thyroid cancer: a retrospective study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 23(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-023-05588-4
