Profile of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Cases in Children
Abstract
Cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Bandung have increased in 2024. DHF is caused by the Dengue virus, which is transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. It can affect all age groups but primarily affects children, with one of its clinical manifestations being a decrease in platelet levels. DHF with clinical manifestations of shock in pediatric patients carries a risk of death if not treated promptly and appropriately. This study aims to determine the profile of DHF cases in children at the Ibrahim Adjie Health Center in Bandung, including the children's age, gender, education level, platelet count, and hematocrit levels.This study employed a descriptive retrospective method. The population in this study consisted of children aged ≤ 18 years diagnosed with DHF who sought treatment at the Ibrahim Adjie Health Center in Bandung City from January to October 2024, totaling 129 children. A sample of 54 children was obtained using purposive sampling. Data collection utilized secondary data extracted from patient medical records. Univariate data analysis was presented in frequency distribution tables. The study results showed that children with DHF were distributed as follows: 9 children (17%) aged 1–3 years, 7 children (13%) aged >3 to <6 years, 31 children (57%) aged 6–12 years, 7 children (13%) aged >12–18 years, and none under 1 year old. Male children accounted for 29 cases (54%) and females for 25 cases (46%). Based on education level, 23 children (43%) had not yet started school, 24 children (44%) were in elementary school, 5 children (9%) were in junior high school, and 2 children (4%) were in senior high school. All 54 children (100%) had low platelet counts, defined as <150,000/µL of blood. Hematocrit levels varied: 4 children (7%) had low hematocrit levels, 41 children (76%) had normal levels, and 9 children (17%) had high levels. It can be concluded that most children with DHF are aged 6–12 years, or school-aged. There is no significant difference between male and female cases. The majority occur at the elementary school education level. All children experienced thrombocytopenia or a decrease in platelet count, and most had normal hematocrit levels.
References
Aliyyu, H. (2023). gambaran kasus demam berdarah dengue pada usia anak sekolah di rsud dr. drajat prawiranegara tahun. Jurnal Locus Penelitian Dan Pengabdian, 2(10), 978–986. https://doi.org/10.58344/locus.v2i10.1813
Artawan, I Made Dwi Lingga Utama, I Wayan Gustawan, & I Ketut Suarta. (2016). Karakteristik pasien anak dengan infeksi dengue di RSUP Sanglah. Medicina, 51(2), 158–162.
Az-Zahra, A. J., & Al Jihad, M. N. (2022). Peningkatan Kadar Trombosit pada Pasien Anak Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) dengan Mengonsumsi Jus Jambu Biji Merah. Ners Muda, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.26714/nm.v3i2.6319
Fitri Anjani, & Rahmatul Fajri. (2022). Pengaruh Jumlah Trombosit Pada Pasien Anak Penderita Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kota Langsa. Quimica: Jurnal Kimia Sains Dan Terapan, 4(1), 1–4.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Buletin Jendela Epidemiologi: Demam Berdarah Dengue. Jakarta; 2024.
Nawal Aflah Kamila, Mauliza, & Zubir. (2022). Hubungan jumlah trombosit dengan kadar hematokrit pada pasien Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) usia 6-11 tahun di RSUD Cut Meutia Aceh Utara . Jurnal Kedokteran Syiah Kuala, 22(2), 46–52.
Nugraheni, E., Rizqoh, D., & Sundari, M. (2023). Manifestasi Klinis Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan : Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya, 10(3), 267–274. https://doi.org/10.32539/JKK.V10I3.21425
Pius Kopong Tokan, & Syaputra Artama. (2022). Efektifitas Pendidikan Kesehatan Demam Berdarah Dengue Terhadap Pengetahuan, Sikap Dan Keterampilan Jumantik Sekolah Di Sekolah Dasar Inpres Watujara Kabupaten Ende. Jurnal Sulolipu: Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika Dan Masyarakat, 22(2), 350–360.
Podung, G. C. D., Tatura, S. N. N., & Mantik, M. F. J. (2021). Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Sindroma Syok Dengue pada Demam Berdarah Dengue. Jurnal Biomedik (JBM), 13(2), 161. https://doi.org/10.35790/jbm.13.2.2021.31816
Puspita Sari, Martini, & Praba Ginanjar. (2012). Hubungan Kepadatan Jentik Aedes Sp Dan Praktik Psn Dengan Kejadian Dbd Di Sekolah Tingkat Dasar Di Kota Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 1(2), 413–422.
Raihan, Sri Rezeki S Hadinegoro, & Alan R Tumbelaka. (2010). Faktor Prognosis Terjadinya Syok pada Demam Berdarah Dengue. Sari Pediatri, 12(1), 47–52.
Rosdiana, William S. Tjeng, & Sulistiawati Sudarso. (2017). Hubungan antara Hasil Pemeriksaan Leukosit, Trombosit dan Hematokrit dengan Derajat Klinik DBD pada Pasien Anak Di RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie. Sari Pediatri, 19(1), 41–45.
S Cahyani, T Rizkianti, & T Susantiningsih. (2020). Hubungan Jumlah Trombosit, Nilai Hematokrit dan Rasio Neutrofil-Limfosit Terhadap Lama Rawat Inap Pasien DBD Anak di RSUD Budhi Asih. Seminar Nasional Riset Kedokteran, 1(1), 49–59.
Wahyu Ratna Wirantika, & Yuni Susilowati. (2020). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Perilaku Siswa Dengan Persebaran Demam Berdarah Dengue (Dbd) Di Sekolah. Jurnal Health Sains, 1(6), 427–431.
Widyanti NN. (2016). Hubungan jumlah hematokrit dan trombosit dengan tingkat keparahan pasien demam berdarah dengue di rumah sakit Sanglah . E-Jurnal Medika, 51–56.
Copyright (c) 2024 Novitasari Tsamrotul Fuadah, Yuyun Sarinengsih, Denni Fransiska Helena
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
