Javanese Swearing Words: an Analysis of Shifting and Changing Referring Connotative Meaning

Eko Heriyanto

doi:10.37287/jlh.v1i1.102

Eko Heriyanto Universitas AKI

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37287/jlh.v1i1.102

Keywords: javanese language, semantics, swear words

Abstract

Humans need a language a means of their communication. They use language to communicate with others to gain some purposes in their lives. In their interaction, in a certain condition, they use some swear words to express their feelings. This paper aims to describe the form of swearing words and their references in Javanese Language as the study of shifting and changing of meaning. This research used descriptive qualitative method based on the library and field data. The data are classified and analysed qualitatively. The results of this research are swearing words can be classified into different forms. Regarding to their references, the swearing words mainly refer to animals, bad condition, fruits, parts of body, kinship, sexual activity and ghosts. Most of them are going into shifting and changing of meaning. Some categories have the shifting of meaning, and others have the changing one.

References

Aminuddin. (2000). Semantik: Pengantar Studi Tentang Makna. Sinar Baru Algensindo.

Anggraeni, A. (2019). Deskripsi Bahasa Identitas Gender dalam Penggunaan Kata-Kata Tabu Bahasa Jawa di Jawa Timur. Deskripsi Bahasa, 2(1), 68–75. https://doi.org/10.22146/db.v1i2.49635

Febrindasari, C. (2018). Leksikon ‘Hantu’ dalam Bahasa Indonesia: Kajian Linguistik Antropologis. Handayani, 9(1), 10–21. https://doi.org/10.24114/jh.v9i1.10493

Hakim, F. (2017). Pergeseran dan Perubahan Makna Kata “Sayyaroh” dalam Al-Quran. TAZKIYA, 18(1), 1–12. http://jurnal.uinbanten.ac.id/index.php/tazkiya/article/download/1139/919/

Jannah, A., Widayati, W., & Kusmiyati. (2017). Bentuk dan makna kata makian di terminal purabaya surabaya dalam kajian sosiolinguistik. FONEMA, 4(2), 43–59. https://doi.org/10.25139/fonema.v4i2.758

Karsana, D. (2015). Referensi dan Fungsi Makian dalam Bahasa Kaili. METALINGUA, 13(2), 141–150. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/70f2/055a8fe2475817bf64a309aed517cbb498c8.pdf

Kustriyono, E. (2016). Perubahan Makna dan Faktor Penyebab Perubahan Makna Dalam Media Cetak (Kajian Semantik Jurnalistik). Bahastra, 15(2), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.26555/bahastra.v35i2.4858

Lestari, P. M. (2013). Bahasa Anak-Anak Jalanan: Relevansinya dengan Budaya Multikultural Masa Kini (Sebuah Kajian Sosiolinguistik). LINGUA, 9(1), 30–37. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/lingua/article/view/2590/2643

Mayasari, I., & Muzaki, A. (2019). Abusive Swearing Variations In The Temanggung Javanese Dialect: Type and Social Reality. HORTATORI, 3(01), 64–72. https://doi.org/10.30998/jh.v3i1.90

McEnery, T. (2006). Swearing in English: Bad Language, Purity and Power from 1586 to the Present (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203501443

Mohr, M. (2013). Holy Shit: a Brief History of Swearing (1st ed.). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.51-4862

Mulyadi. (2016). Ahok : Simbol Anomali Bahasa Kelas Penguasa. OKARA, II(X), 123–134. https://doi.org/10.19105/ojbs.v10i2.973

Nurdiyani, N. (2014). Penyamaran Sebagai Wujud Kesopansantunan Masyarakat Jawa. ORBITH, 10(1), 48–53. https://doi.org/10.32497/orbith.v10i1.362

Nurdiyanto, E. (2018). Makna Kata Bahasa Indonesia yang dapat Mengandung Unsur Makian. Pengembangan Sumber Daya Perdesaan Dan Kearifan Lokal Berkelanjutan VIII, November, 140–152. http://jurnal.lppm.unsoed.ac.id/ojs/index.php/Prosiding/article/viewFile/636/574

Ramelan. (2003). English Phonetics. Unnes Press.

Riemer, N. (2010). Introducing Semantics. Cambridge University Press.

Shinta, Q. (2010). Pergeseran dan Perubahan Makna Pada Kolom “PIYE JAL” di Harian Suara Merdeka. Majalah Ilmiah INFORMATIKA, 1(1), 66–79. http://www.unaki.ac.id/ejournal/index.php/majalah-ilmiah-informatika/article/download/7/35

Sriyanto, S., & Fauzie, A. (2017). Penggunaan Kata “Jancuk” Sebagai Ekspresi Budaya dalam Perilaku Komunikasi Arek di Kampung Kota Surabaya. Jurnal Psikologi Teori Dan Terapan, 7(2), 88–102. https://doi.org/10.26740/jptt.v7n2.p88-102

Sudaryanto. (1986). Metode Lingusitik. Gadjah Mada University Press.

Sugiyarto, E., & Kusmayadi. (2009). Metodologi Penelitian Dalam Bidang Kepariwisataan (1st ed.). Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

Sumarsono. (2009). Pengantar Semantik. Pustaka Pelajar.

Triadi, R. B. (2017). Penggunaan Makian Bahasa Indonesia pada Media Sosial (Kajian Sosiolinguisik). Jurnal Sasindo Unpam, 5(2), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.32493/sasindo.v5i2.%25p

Wijana, I. D. P. (2008). Kata-Kata Kasar Dalam Bahasa Jawa. Humaniora UGM, 20(3), 249–256. https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.941