The Role of Discipline in Forming the Performance of the Doctor in Responsibility for Service (DPJP): Systematic Review

Rusyandini Perdana Putri

doi:10.37287/ijghr.v7i5.6713

Rusyandini Perdana Putri Universitas Brawijaya

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v7i5.6713

Keywords: discipline, DPJP, healthcare quality, physician performance, systemic review

Abstract

Optimal healthcare in hospitals relies heavily on the discipline and work quality of health professionals, crucial factors for patient experience and facility reputation, as supported by Indonesian regulations like Law No. 17 of 2023. The Doctor in Charge of Services (DPJP) plays a central role in coordinating patient care and upholding discipline within the medical team. Previous studies confirm the significant impact of work discipline on hospital employee performance. However, factors like poor communication between doctors and patients, identified as a primary cause of disciplinary violations by the Indonesian Medical Discipline Honor Council (MKDKI), also affect service quality. Challenges in Indonesia, such as resource scarcity and high workload, add complexity to the relationship between DPJP discipline and performance.Objective : This study regularly reviews literature from 2021-2025 to explore the role of discipline in shaping DPJP performance, identifying influencing factors and research gaps, aiming to enhance healthcare quality in Indonesia through optimizing DPJP roles.Method : A systematic review, conducted following the PRISMA framework, identified 20 articles out of an initial 1,348 that met the pre-defined inclusion criteria. These articles, published between 2021 and 2025, were retrieved from IJHPM, PubMed, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, and Springer, with a specific focus on discipline and healthcare professional performance. The PEO framework guided the article search and selection process.Results : Discipline in healthcare management and professional learning positively influences efficiency, effectiveness, and competence. While compensation can boost discipline and performance, unrealistic targets and poor communication can hinder it. Systemic issues also affect discipline and performance.Conclusions : Discipline is vital for DPJP performance and overall healthcare quality, alongside communication and management effectiveness. Optimizing the DPJP role through improved discipline is crucial for enhancing healthcare in Indonesia.

References

Ali, M., Khairul Luthfi, M., Firdaus Oiwobo, M., & Nasor, M. (2023). Pendekatan Max Weber: Birokrasi Serta Struktur Kekuasaan Dalam Organisasi Pendidikan Modern. Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika, 3(2), 2134–2145.

Andayani, M. (2021). Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap Pada Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Lahat. Motivasi , 6(1), 2716–4039.

Angell, B., Onwujekwe, O., Roy, P., Nwokolo, C., McKee, M., Mandeville, K., Obodoechi, D., Agwu, P., Odii, A., Orjiakor, C., Hutchinson, E., & Balabanova, D. (2023). Designing feasible anti-corruption strategies in the Nigerian health system: A latent class analysis of a discrete choice experiment. World Development, 166, 106208.

Daniëls, E., Cuyvers, K., & Donche, V. (2024). Professional Learning in the Workplace: How and Why do Physicians Learn? Vocations and Learning, 589–611.

Das, P., Newton-Lewis, T., Khalil, K., Rajadhyaksha, M., & Nagpal, P. (2022). How performance targets can ingrain a culture of ‘performing out’: An ethnography of two Indian primary healthcare facilities. Social Science and Medicine, 300(October 2021), 114489.

Fauziah, N. H., Choenraad, D. P., Jatmika, L., & Arby, R. R. (2024). The influence of motivation and work discipline on employee performance (Study of one of the pharmaceutical health equipment companies in Bandung City). Majalah Bisnis & IPTEK, 17(1), 48–56.

Hyman, D. A., Rahmati, M., & Black, B. (2021). Medical Malpractice and Physician Discipline: The Good, The Bad and The Ugly. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 18(1), 131–166.

Iffat, C. (2025). Efektivitas Program Pengembangan Kompetensi Berkelanjutan ( PKB ) di Balai Besar Guru Penggerak Provinsi Jawa Tengah. 2(2), 485–494.

Irawan, B. (2019). Organisasi Formal Dan Informal: Tinjauan Konsep, Perbandingan, Dan Studi Kasus. Jurnal Administrative Reform, 6(4), 195.

Khoiriyah, H., & Ismarwati, I. (2023). Faktor Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita : Systematic Review. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, 12(01), 28–40.

Kovacs, R., & Lagarde, M. (2022). Does high workload reduce the quality of healthcare? Evidence from rural Senegal. Journal of Health Economics, 82(April 2021), 102600.

Lewis, C. (2023). The impact of interprofessional incivility on medical performance, service and patient care: a systematic review. Future Healthcare Journal, 10(1), 69–77.

Mantiri, L. E., Kaseke, M. M., Nelwan, J. E., & Sumampouw, O. J. (2022). Influence of Work Discipline and Motivation on Work Performance of Hospital Employees during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. E-CliniC, 10(2), 357.

Mattes, M. D., & Ferrari III, N. D. (2022). Impact of Medical Student Disciplinary Actions on the United States National Resident Match. Cureus, 14(4).

Milliana, Andry Stepahnie Titing, & Hendrik, H. (2023). the Influence of Motivation, Work Discipline and Compensation on Employee Performance. Multifinance, 1(2), 81–94.

Mohamad Borut. (2021). Patologi Birokrasi Dalam Pelayanan Publik Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. M. Haulussy Kota Ambon. Hipotesa, 2, 1–50.

Naher, N., Balabanova, D., McKee, M., Khan, M. H., Roy, P., Ahmed, S. M., & Hutchinson, E. (2022). Absenteeism among doctors in the Bangladesh health system: What are the structural drivers? SSM - Qualitative Research in Health, 2(April), 100089.

Noor, Z. A., Sekarningrum, T. D., & Sulistyaningsih, T. (2021). Disparitas perkotaan-pedesaan: pemerataan dalam akses layanan kesehatan primer untuk lansia selama pandemi Covid-19. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 7(4), 576.

Peteet, J. R., Witvliet, C. V. O., Glas, G., & Frush, B. W. (2023). Accountability as a virtue in medicine: from theory to practice. Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine, 18(1), 1–6.

Purba, M., Penmaley, F., & Panjaitan, J. D. (2024). Dugaan Pelanggaran Disiplin Terbanyak Akibat Kurangnya Komunikasi Dokter dan Pasien. Jurnal Global Ilmiah, 1(5), 337–340.

Richard Frimpong Oppong, & Ian Wooton. (2020). The Influence Of Work Discipline On Employee Performance With Work Motivation As Intervening Variables (Case Study on Medical Doctor and Nurses in Canada). Medalion Journal: Medical Research, Nursing, Health and Midwife Participation, 1(4), 127–134.

Satrianegara, M. F. (2009). Buku Ajar Organisasi dan Manajemen Pelayanan Kesehatan Serta Kebidanan.

Tamblyn, R., Girard, N., Boulet, J., Dauphinee, D., & Habib, B. (2022). Association of clinical competence, specialty and physician country of origin with opioid prescribing for chronic pain: a cohort study. BMJ Quality and Safety, 31(5), 340–352.

Ubels, S., & van Raaij, E. M. (2023). Alignment in the Hospital-Physician Relationship: A Qualitative Multiple Case Study of Medical Specialist Enterprises in the Netherlands. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 12(1), 6917.

Vilendrer, S., Levoy, E., Miller-Kuhlmann, R., Amano, A., Brown-Johnson, C., De Borba, L., Luu, J. H., Sakamuri, S., & Gold, C. A. (2023). Physician Perceptions of Performance Feedback and Impact on Personal Well-Being: A Qualitative Exploration of Patient Satisfaction Feedback in Neurology. Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety, 49(3), 138–148.

Waitzberg, R., Gottlieb, N., Quentin, W., Busse, R., & Greenberg, D. (2022). Dual Agency in Hospitals: What Strategies Do Managers and Physicians Apply to Reconcile Dilemmas Between Clinical and Economic Considerations? International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 11(9), 1823–1834.

Zhenyu Cui, & John Zysman. (2021). the Effect of Compensation on Medical Doctor and Nurse With Work Discipline As an Intervening Variable (Case Study of Medical Doctor and Nurse in United States Public Health Service). Medalion Journal: Medical Research, Nursing, Health and Midwife Participation, 2(4), 162–168.