Assessment of Stressors and Coping Sources of Inmates in Class II A Corrective Institutions
Abstract
Inmates at Class IIA Penitentiary in Banjarmasin face various stressors, including loss of freedom, family isolation, and adaptation to the structured prison environment, which may trigger anxiety and depression. The purpose of this study is to assess stressors and coping sources of inmates in Class II A Corrective Institutions in Banjarmasin City. This study uses a cross-sectional design approach on 75 selected respondents. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. Data were collected through validated questionnaires addressing cognitive, affective, physiological, behavioral, and social aspects and personal, social, material, and spiritual coping resources. Validity was tested using product moment correlation, with coefficient results >0.361, indicating that the instrument is valid. Reliability testing using Cronbach's Alpha produced a value of 0.807 for the stressor questionnaire and 0.703 for the coping source questionnaire, so it was declared reliable. Data analysis was carried out descriptively to describe the frequency distribution and percentage of research variables with the results revealed that 56% of inmates negatively evaluated their stressors, with common symptoms including sleep disturbances (56%) and appetite loss (40%), coupled with low social interaction. Only 8% demonstrated effective coping resources, primarily through prayer, while participation in social activities was minimal. This study shows that inmates at Class IIA Penitentiary in Banjarmasin City The majority of respondents have a negative assessment of the stressors they experience, which reflects an inability to manage stress adaptively. In addition, the coping resources used by most respondents are classified as poor, with reliance on ineffective coping mechanisms and low participation in social and productive activities.
References
ALIYEVA, G. (2023). Psychopathological Symptoms In The Mental Health Of Prisoners (Azerbaijan Case). Prizren Social Science Journal, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.32936/pssj.v7i2.418
Barrios, J. R. M., van den Broek, A., Buttarelli, R., Reuvers, H., Sobotka, W., & Paric, M. (2023). Policy Recommendations to Improve Mental Health in Polish Prisons. South Eastern European Journal of Public Health, 1(Special Issue). https://doi.org/10.56801/seejph.vi.367
Batastini, A. B., Miller, O. K., Horton, J., & Morgan, R. D. (2023). Mental Health Services in Restricted Housing: Do We Know What’s Going on Behind the Steel Doors? Psychological Services, 20(3). https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000606
Brandhorst, J. K., & Meisenbach, R. (2024). Extreme work, professionalism, and the construction of mental health in correctional work. Journal of Professions and Organization, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.1093/jpo/joad018
Calabrò, A., Perissinotto, F., Scalorbi, S., Longobucco, Y., Vitale, E., Lezzi, A., Carvello, M., & Lupo, R. (2023). Psychiatric disorder and prisons. The role of nurses. Narrative review. In Journal of Psychopathology (Vol. 29, Issues 3–4). https://doi.org/10.36148/2284-0249-N274
Cunha, O., Castro Rodrigues, A. de, Caridade, S., Dias, A. R., Almeida, T. C., Cruz, A. R., & Peixoto, M. M. (2023). The impact of imprisonment on individuals’ mental health and society reintegration: study protocol. BMC Psychology, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-023-01252-w
Dalbir, N., Wright, E. M., & Steiner, B. (2024). Mental Illness, Substance Use, and Co-Occurring Disorders among Jail Inmates: Prevalence, Recidivism, and Gender Differences. Corrections: Policy, Practice, and Research, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/23774657.2022.2090028
Darani, S. A., McMaster, R., Wolff, E., Bonato, S., Simpson, A., Glancy, G., Sandhu, K., & Quinn, J. (2023). Addressing the Mental Health Needs of Inmates Through Education for Correctional Officers - A Narrative Review. In Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions (Vol. 43, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.1097/CEH.0000000000000484
Edoka, A. C., Okoye, C., & Uzor, C. (2023). Therapeutic Effects of Logotherapy and Motivational Interviewing on Depressive Symptoms among Inmates of a Correctional Facility in Nigeria. In International Journal for Psychotherapy in Africa (Vol. 8, Issue 1).
G. Edgemon, T. (2023). Coping with the “pains of imprisonment”: the interaction of institutional conditions and individual experiences on inmate mental health. In Research Handbook on Society and Mental Health. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800378483.00025
George, G., Kapoor, B., & Biswas, M. (2023). A Survey to Assess the Mental Health Problems and Coping Strategies Amongst the Jail Inmates in a Selected Jail in Delhi. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 13(5). https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20230527
Ghazanfari, H., Miri, S., Taebi, M., & Farokhzadian, J. (2023). Psychological wellbeing, family cohesion, and purposeful life in male prisoners: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1054149
Glazer, S. (2023). Prisoners and Mental Illness. In Prisoners and Mental Illness. https://doi.org/10.4135/cqresrre20150313
Hamzah, I., Umar Anwar, Vivi Sylviani Biafri, & Qisthina Aulia. (2023). The Comparison of Contact with Inmates, Risk Perception, and Mental Health of Officers in a Correctional Institution with Different Levels of Security. Scientia Psychiatrica, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.37275/scipsy.v3i2.161
John Munezvenyu, T., Chisango, T., Linjesa, L., Chingozho, J., & Ngwenya, B. (2024). Effects of spirituality and religious attendance on the mental health and psychosocial wellbeing of inmates: a case study of Harare central prison, in Zimbabwe. African Journal of Social Issues, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.5
Kaloeti, D. V. S., Salma, La Kahija, Y. F., Kurnia, A., & Tahamata, V. M. (2023). The assessment of psychological distress among incarcerated men. In Islamic Psychology - Integrative Dialogue: Psychology, Spirituality, Science and Arts.
Kim, P., & Salame, C. (2023). Implementing Sports as a Rehabilitation Method for Inmates. Journal of Student Research, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v12i1.4068
LARASATI, N. U., JULIANTI, S., & PRADIPTHA, A. P. (2023). Stress Management Training For Prisoners At Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas Iia Narkotika Jakarta. Iccd, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.33068/iccd.v5i1.673
Løken, K. V., Bhuller, M., & Khoury, L. (2023). Prison, mental health and family spillovers. The Project Repository Journal, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.54050/prj1619822
Mahato, S., Devkota, N., Kafle, B. R., Singh, M., & Dahal, H. R. (2023). Prevalence of Depression and its Associated Factors among Inmates. Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, 21(2). https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v21i02.4617
Misra, M., & Baba, Y. (2023). Examining the Mental Health of Prison Inmates: A Perspective of a Psychologist. Mind and Society, 12(02). https://doi.org/10.56011/mind-mri-122-202311
Moritz, K. M., Akison, L. K., Hayes, N., & Reid, N. (2023). Physical and Mental Health in FASD. In Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32386-7_12
Nisa, R. L., Fitriah, A., & Rifandi, A. (2023). Hubungan Dukungan Sosial dengan Kecemasan Sosial pada Klien Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas I Banjarmasin. Jurnal Psikologi Terapan (JPT), 6(1). https://doi.org/10.29103/jpt.v6i1.11308
Olagunju, A. T., Akanni, O. O., Oluwaniyi, S. O., Lawani, A. O., Olutoki, M. O., Wang, J., Adelugba, O., Alqahtani, A. H., Bradford, J. W., & Chaimowitz, G. A. (2024). Using Linkage-enhancement Strategies to Bridge Treatment Gap among Inmates and Former Inmates in Correctional Settings with Inadequate Mental Health Care. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 35(1). https://doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2024.a919811
Rakesh, G., Antony, S., & Ammapattian, T. (2023). Social care services for addressing loneliness among inmates of old age homes. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 10(10). https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233140
Skowroński, B., & Talik, E. (2023). Psychophysical quality of life and its determinants in prisoners: the role of selected psychosocial factors. International Journal of Prisoner Health, 19(3). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPH-10-2021-0102
Tussey, E. J., Perez, G. R., & Lynch, S. M. (2024). Sleepless behind bars: the connection between mental health, environment, and sleep among women in jail. SLEEP Advances, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae012
Copyright (c) 2024 Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
