Physical and Psychological Impact on Children Undergoing Chemotherapy
Abstract
Cancer is a non-communicable disease in which cells or tissues grow uncontrollably and malignantly and require long-term treatment. Chemotherapy is the primary treatment used to treat cancer by giving a type of drug that is tailored to the type of cancer suffered by the child. The mechanism of action of chemotherapy drugs is very strong to kill cancer cells but this also affects other normal cells. This shows that chemotherapy has side effects in its treatment. The side effects of chemotherapy are physical and psychological impacts. Objective: this study aims to determine the physical and psychological impact on children who undergo chemotherapy. This research was conducted at Arifin Achmad Regional Hospital. Methods: This research design uses descriptive quantitative with cross sectional approach. The sample of this study was 66 respondents. Sampling used a purposive sampling technique with inclusion criteria namely children who received chemotherapy treatment and were aged 5 to 7 years. The analysis used was univariate analysis. Results: The results of this study show that the physical impacts that often arise are hair loss (71.4%), dry mouth (40.5%), lack of energy (38.1%), changes in skin color (38.1%), nausea (38.1%), weight loss (35.7%) and others. Frequent psychological effects were irritability (69.0%), sleep disturbance (42.9%), worry (31.0%) and others. sadness (28.6%) and others. Conclusion: From the results of the study, it can be seen that the most frequent impacts on children undergoing chemotherapy are hair loss and irritability.
References
Anver, G. F., Mantik, M. F. J., & Manopo, J. I. C. (2017). Gambaran Klinis Diare pada Pasien Anak Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut dengan Kemoterapi. E-Clinic, 5(1). Diperoleh dari https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.5.1.2017.14764.
Al-ghzy1, S.K.K., & Ali Ma'ala, E.G (2021). Impact of chemotherapy upon Physiological status of School Age Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukimia ar Pediatric Teaching Hospitals in Baghdad City. Indian Journal of Forensic medicine & Toxicology, 24(01).
Alvionita, D. & Arifah, S. (2021). Gambaran Gejala Akibat Kemoterapi Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dengan Leukimia Akut Limfoblastik Di Rsud Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Publikasi Ilmiah Ums, Pp. 37-43
Dewi, R., Keumala, D. S., & Daulay, W. (2019). Relationship of Family Support and Coping Strategies with Anxiety in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy. International Journal of Nursing Care, 7(1), 46–51.
Faturochman. (2016). Keadilan Perspektif Psikologi. Yogyakarta: Unit Penerbit Fakultas Psikologi UGM.
Haryani, H., Hsu, Y.-Y., Warsini, S., & Wang, S.-T. (2018). Measuring the Symptom Experience of Patients with Cancer in Indonesia: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale—Indonesian Version. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 56(6), 920–927.
Hendrawati, S., Nurhidayah, I., & Mardiyah, A. (2019). Self- Efficacy Parents In undergoing Child Cancer Treatment At The Rumah Kanker Anak Cinta Bandung. Nurseline Journal, 4(1), 37-45
Herfiana, S., & Arifah, S. (2019). Dampak Fisiologis Kemoterapi pada Anak dengan Leukemia di Rumah Sakit. Jurnal Berita Ilmu Keperawatan, 12(1), 1–6.
Hockenberry, M. J., & Wilson, D. (2008). Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Kemenkes RI. (2018). Peringatan Hari Kanker Sedunia 2018. Diperoleh dari https://p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/peringatan-hari-kanker-sedunia-2018.
Lapau, B. (2015). Metode Penelitian Kesehatan: Metode Ilmiah Penulisan Skripsi, Tesis, dan Disertasi Pedoman bagi Mahasiswa S-1, S-2, dan S-3. Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.
Leukemia, L. S. (2016). In a series providing the latest information for patients, caregivers and healthcare professionals. Cancer Related Fatigue Fact. 1-9. Diperoleh dari https://www.lls.org/booklet/cancer-related-fatigue
NCI. (2021). Causes and Prevention. Diperoleh dari https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention.
Notoatmodjo, S. (2018). Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Pusat Pendidikan Sumber Daya Manusia Kesehatan.
Nurmalitasari, F. (2015). Perkembangan Sosial Emosi pada Anak Usia Prasekolah. Buletin Psikologi, 23(2), 103–111.
Nursalam. (2015). Metodologi Penelitian Ilmu Keperawatan (4th ed.). Salemba Medika.
Novrianda, D., & Arif, Y. (2018). Mukositis oral dan kualitas hidup spesifik–mukositis oral pada anak kanker yang di kemoterapi. Ners Jurnal Keperawatan, 13(1), 50-59.
Pangribowo, S. (2019). Beban Kanker di Indonesia. Pusat Data dan Informasi Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Ranailla, R., Mardhiyah, A., & Hidayati, N. O. (2016). Gambaran Dampak Kemoterapi pada Anak Menurut Orang Tua di Rumah Cinta Bandung. Ners Jurnal Keperawatan, 12(2), 143–158.
Ririn, S.H & Giri Udani. (2016). Kualitas Tidur Dan Distress Pada Pasien Kanker Yang Menjalani Kemoterapi. Jurnal Keperawatan, 12(1), 66-72.
RSUD AA. (2019). Data rekam medik jumlah anak penderita kanker. Tidak dipublikasikan
RSUD AA. (2023). Data rekam medik jumlah anak penderita kanker. Tidak dipublikasikan
Ruggiero, A., Rizzo, D., Catalano, M., Coccia, P., Triarico, S., & Attiná, G. (2018). Acute Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Children with Cancer: Still Waiting for a Common Consensus on Treatment. Journal of International Medical Research, 46(6), 2149–2156.
Steur, L. M. H., Kaspers, G. J. L., van Someren, E. J. W., van Eijkelenburg, N. K. A., van der Sluis, I. M., Dors, N., van den Bos, C., Tissing, W. J. E., Grootenhuis, M. A., & van Litsenburg, R. R. L. (2020). The impact of maintenance therapy on sleep-wake rhythms and cancer-related fatigue in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Supportive Care in Cancer, 28(12), 5983–5993.
Tsubaki M, Takeda T, Matsumoto M, Kato N, Yasuhara S, Koumoto YI, Imano M, Satou T, Nishida S. Tamoxifen. (2018) Menekan Neuropati yang diinduksi Paclitaxel-, Vincristine-, dan Bortezomib Melalui Penghambatan sinyal protein kinase C/ekstraseluler - jalur kinase yang diatur. Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajaran Biologi 40(10)
Wahyudi, T., Huwaida, H., & Ernawati, M (2024). Hubungan Kualitas Hidup Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Anak Penderita Kanker Yang Menjalani Kemoterapi Di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan, 4(1)
Wolley, N. G., Gunawan, S., & Warouw, S. M. (2016). Perubahan status gizi pada anak dengan leukemia limfoblastik akut selama pengobatan. E-Clinic ; 4(1).
World Health Organization. (2019). The Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer. Diperoleh dari https://www.who.int/initiatives/the-global-initiative-for-childhood-cancer.
World Health Organization. (2022). Cancer. Diperoleh dari https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer.
Copyright (c) 2024 Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
