Effect of Pumpkin Soygurt on Microbiota Balance in Diabetes Mellitus Model Rats
Keywords:
diabetes mellitus, escherichia coli, lactic acid bacteria, synbiotic
Abstract
Microbiota imbalance in the gastrointestinal tract causes low-grade systemic inflammation, which triggers metabolic changes and insulin resistance to become diabetes mellitus. This condition can be controlled through synbiotic supplementation through pumpkin soygurt containing lactic acid bacteria and polysaccharides. This study aimed to analyze the effect of complementary therapy using pumpkin soygurt and metformin on the abundance of lactic acid bacteria and Escherichia coli in a rat model of diabetes mellitus. The research design is experimental with a post-test only. Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups; healthy rats (KS), DM rats (K-), DM+metformin rats (K+), DM+metformin+1 mL pumpkin soygurt rats (P1), DM+metformin+ 1.5 mL pumpkin soygurt rats (P2), DM + metformin + 2 mL of pumpkin soygurt (P3) rats. The test material was given for four weeks. The abundance of LAB and Escherichia coli was analyzed using a sample of the contents of the cecum with the method total plate count. Data were analyzed using the One way ANOVA test. This study showed a dysbiosis condition on K- (BAL 6.85 CFU/mL; Escherichia coli 8.80 CFU/mL) dan K+ (BAL 4,99 CFU/ml; Escherichia coli 7.67 CFU/mL). In the treatment group, eubiotics were maintained, with the best conditions in group P2 with a BAL of 7.46 CFU/mL and Escherichia coli 4,62 CFU/mL. The combination of pumpkin soygurt and metformin can maintain the balance of the gastrointestinal microbiota in DM model rats, especially lactic acid bacteria and Escherichia coli.
References
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Tetz, G. et al. (2019) ‘Type 1 Diabetes: an Association Between Autoimmunity, the Dynamics of Gut Amyloid-producing E. coli and Their Phages’, Scientific Reports, 9(1), pp. 1–11. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46087-x.
Wang, Jun et al. (2012) ‘A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes’, Nature, 490(7418), pp. 55–60. doi: 10.1038/nature11450.
Winter, S. E. et al. (2014) ‘Host-derived nitrate boosts growth of E. coli in The Inflamed Gut’, Science, 339(6120), pp. 708–711. doi: 10.1126/science.1232467.Host-derived.
Zhang, L. et al. (2021) ‘Gut Microbiota and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Association, Mechanism, and Translational Applications’, Mediators of Inflammation, 2021. doi: 10.1155/2021/5110276.
Zhang, M. et al. (2019) ‘Effects of metformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy on gut microbiota in Zucker diabetic fatty rats’, BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care, 7(1), pp. 1–11. doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000717.
Zou, Y. et al. (2020) ‘Protection of Galacto-Oligosaccharide against E. coli O157 Colonization through Enhancing Gut Barrier Function and Modulating Gut Microbiota’.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional Indonesia (2012a) ‘SNI ISO 6887-4:2012 Mikrobiologi Bahan Pangan dan Pakan Penyiapan Contoh Uji, Suspensi Awal dan Pengenceran Desimal untuk Pengujian Mirkobiologi Bagian 4: Aturan Khusus untuk Penyiapan Produk Lain Selain Susu dan Produk Susu, Daging dan Produk Daging, dan’.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional Indonesia (2012b) ‘SNI ISO 7521:2012 Mikrobiologi Bahan Pangan dan Pakan-Metode Horizontal untuk Deteksi dan Enumerasi Escherichia coli terduga-Teknik Angka Paling Mungkin (APM)’.
Dao, M. C. et al. (2015) ‘Akkermansia muciniphila and improved metabolic health during a dietary intervention in obesity: rela.pdf’, Gut, 65(3), pp. 426–36.
Dao, M. C. et al. (2016) ‘Akkermansia muciniphila and improved metabolic health during a dietary intervention in obesity: Relationship with gut microbiome richness and ecology’, Gut, 65(3), pp. 426–436. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308778.
Depommier, C. et al. (2019) ‘Supplementation with Akkermansia muciniphila in overweight and obese human volunteers: a proof-of-concept exploratory study’, Nature Medicine, 25(7), pp. 1096–1103. doi: 10.1038/s41591-019-0495-2.
Fuhrmann, L. et al. (2022) ‘The Impact of Pre-and Probiotic Product Combinations on Ex Vivo Growth of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella Enteritidis’, Microorganisms, 10(1). doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10010121.
Gao, K. et al. (2018) ‘Effects of Qijian mixture on type 2 diabetes assessed by metabonomics, gut microbiota and network pharmacology’, Pharmacological Research, 130, pp. 93–109. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.01.011.
Guevara-Cruz, M. et al. (2020) ‘Genistein stimulates insulin sensitivity through gut microbiota reshaping and skeletal muscle AMPK activation in obese subjects’, BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care, 8(1), pp. 1–9. doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000948.
Gulnaz, A. et al. (2021) ‘Lactobacillus SPS in reducing the risk of diabetes in high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice by modulating the gut microbiome and inhibiting key digestive enzymes associated with diabetes’, Biology, 10(4). doi: 10.3390/biology10040348.
Hosainzadegan, H. (2019) ‘Annals of Short Reports Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Syndrome ( Diabetes )’, 2, pp. 2–9.
Huda, M. N., Kim, M. and Bennett, B. J. (2021) ‘Modulating the Microbiota as a Therapeutic Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes’, Frontiers in Endocrinology, 12(April). doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.632335.
Kim, C. H. (2018) ‘Microbiota or short-chain fatty acids: Which regulates diabetes?’, Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 15(2), pp. 88–91. doi: 10.1038/cmi.2017.57.
Kostic, A. D. et al. (2015) ‘The dynamics of the human infant gut microbiome in development and in progression toward type 1 diabetes’, Cell Host and Microbe, 17(2), pp. 260–273. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2015.01.001.
Kuwabara, W. M. T. et al. (2018) ‘Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes mellitus induce lipopolysaccharide tolerance in rat neutrophils’, Scientific Reports, 8(1), pp. 1–13. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35809-2.
Larsen, N. et al. (2010) ‘Gut Microbiota in Human Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Differs from Non-Diabetic Adults’, PLoS ONE, 5(2). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009085.
Liang, H. et al. (2013) ‘Effect of Lipopolysaccharide on Inflammation and Insulin Action in Human Muscle’, PLoS ONE, 8(5), pp. 8–15. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063983.
Liu, G. et al. (2018) ‘Pumpkin polysaccharide modifies the gut microbiota during alleviation of type 2 diabetes in rats’, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 115(2017), pp. 711–717. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.127.
Madacki-Todorović, K. et al. (2018) ‘Insulin Acts as Stimulatory Agent in Diabetes-Related Escherichia Pathogenesis’, International Journal of Diabetes and Clinical Research, 5(4), pp. 1–6. doi: 10.23937/2377-3634/1410098.
Orr, J. S. et al. (2019) ‘Extracellular acidic pH inhibits acetate consumption by decreasing gene transcription of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the glyoxylate shunt’, Journal of Bacteriology, 201(2), pp. 1–13. doi: 10.1128/JB.00410-18.
Pandey, K. R., Naik, S. R. and Vakil, B. V. (2015) ‘Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics- a review’, Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52(12), pp. 7577–7587. doi: 10.1007/s13197-015-1921-1.
Puddu, A. et al. (2014) ‘Evidence for the gut microbiota short-chain fatty acids as key pathophysiological molecules improving diabetes’, Mediators of Inflammation, 2014. doi: 10.1155/2014/162021.
Que, Y. et al. (2021) ‘Gut Bacterial Characteristics of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Application Potential’, Frontiers in Immunology, 12(August), pp. 1–11. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.722206.
Schneeberger, M. et al. (2015) ‘Akkermansia muciniphila inversely correlates with the onset of inflammation, altered adipose tissue metabolism and metabolic disorders during obesity in mice’, Scientific Reports, 5(November), pp. 1–14. doi: 10.1038/srep16643.
Souza, E. L. de, Alves, J. L. de B. and Fusco, V. (2022) Probiotics for Human Nutrition in Health and Disease, Syria Studies. New Delhi: Nikki Levy. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269107473_What_is_governance/link/548173090cf22525dcb61443/download%0Ahttp://www.econ.upf.edu/~reynal/Civil wars_12December2010.pdf%0Ahttps://think-asia.org/handle/11540/8282%0Ahttps://www.jstor.org/stable/41857625.
Suri, R. S. et al. (2009) ‘Relationship between Escherichia coli O157:H7 and diabetes mellitus’, Kidney International, 75(SUPPL. 112), pp. S44–S46. doi: 10.1038/ki.2008.619.
Tetz, G. et al. (2019) ‘Type 1 Diabetes: an Association Between Autoimmunity, the Dynamics of Gut Amyloid-producing E. coli and Their Phages’, Scientific Reports, 9(1), pp. 1–11. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46087-x.
Wang, Jun et al. (2012) ‘A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes’, Nature, 490(7418), pp. 55–60. doi: 10.1038/nature11450.
Winter, S. E. et al. (2014) ‘Host-derived nitrate boosts growth of E. coli in The Inflamed Gut’, Science, 339(6120), pp. 708–711. doi: 10.1126/science.1232467.Host-derived.
Zhang, L. et al. (2021) ‘Gut Microbiota and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Association, Mechanism, and Translational Applications’, Mediators of Inflammation, 2021. doi: 10.1155/2021/5110276.
Zhang, M. et al. (2019) ‘Effects of metformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy on gut microbiota in Zucker diabetic fatty rats’, BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care, 7(1), pp. 1–11. doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000717.
Zou, Y. et al. (2020) ‘Protection of Galacto-Oligosaccharide against E. coli O157 Colonization through Enhancing Gut Barrier Function and Modulating Gut Microbiota’.
Published
2023-05-13
How to Cite
Avelia, A., Tamtomo, D., & Sari, Y. (2023). Effect of Pumpkin Soygurt on Microbiota Balance in Diabetes Mellitus Model Rats. Proceedings of the International Conference on Nursing and Health Sciences, 4(1), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.37287/picnhs.v4i1.1681
Section
Articles
