Management of Covid-19 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) because it is troubling the world due to the high morbidity and mortality rates of people around the world. COVID-19 affects all citizens of the world regardless of age, race, and gender. People who have comorbid susceptibility to infection. Covid-19 patients with comorbid diabetes are at high risk for ARDS and multi-organ failure, which are the main causes of death. This literature review aims to provide information on the management of COVID-19 patients with diabetes. The method used is literature reviews from books, international journals, and websites. Literature sources were searched through the NCBI and Google Scholar databases with the keywords COVID-19, SARS-Cov-2, diabetes mellitus, management of COVID-19 with diabetes, management of COVID-19, management of diabetes. The literature obtained totaled 19 articles from 2017 to 2020. The results of the literature review show that diabetic patients with COVID-19 must stick to the medication regimen that has been prescribed, control glucose levels regularly, carry out screening, and live a healthy lifestyle so that therapeutic goals can be achieved. A treatment strategy that focuses on anti-inflammatory as a treatment for COVID-19 and keeps the host's immune response in balance is the best treatment in eliminating COVID-19. Also, patients need to stick to recommended drugs and control their blood glucose levels regularly during this pandemic.
References
Bornstein, S. R., Rubino, F., Khunti, K., Mingrone, G., Hopkins, D., Birkenfeld, A. L., Birkenfeld, A. L., Boehm, B., Amiel, S., Holt, R. I. G., Skyler, J. S., DeVries, J. H., Renard, E., Eckel, R. H., Zimmet, P., Alberti, K. G., Vidal, J., Geloneze, B., Chan, J. C., Ji, L., & Ludwig, B. (2020). Practical recommendations for the management of diabetes in patients with COVID-19. The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, 8(6), 546–550. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30152-2
Burhan, E., Susanto, A. D., Nasution, S. A., Ginanjar, E., Pitoyo, C. W., Susilo, A., Firdaus, I., Santoso, A., Juzar, D. A., Arif, S. K., Wulung, N. G. H. L., Damayanti, T., Wiyono, W. H., Prasenohadi, Afiatin, Wahyudi, E. R., Tarigan, T. J. E., Hidayat, R., Muchtar, F., & Tim COVID-19 IDAI (n.d.). (2020). Protokol Tatalaksana COVID-19. https://www.papdi.or.id/pdfs/872/Versi Cetak Protokol Tatalaksana COVID-19-ok.pdf
Channappanavar, R., & Perlman, S. (2017). Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology. Seminars in Immunopathology, 39(5), 529–539.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-017-0629-x
Coronavirus update (live): 22,310,331 cases and 784,397 deaths from COVID-19 virus pandemic - worldometer. (n.d.). https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ (accessed August 19, 2020).
Guo, W., Li, M., Dong, Y., Zhou, H., Zhang, Z., Tian, C., Qin, R., Wang, H., Shen, Y., Du, K., Zhao, L., Fan, H., Luo, S., & Hu, D. (2020). Diabetes is a risk factor for the progression and prognosis of COVID-19. Diabetes/ Metabolism Research and Reviews, 2020 (e3319),1-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3319
Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., Cheng, Z., Yu, T., Xia, J., Wei, Y., Wu, W., Xie, X., Yin, W., Li, H., Xiao, Y., Gao, H., Guo, L., Xie. J., Wang, G., Jiang, R., Gao, Z., Jin, Q., Wang, J., & Cao, B. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet, 395(10223), 497–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp. Universiteit Antewerpen. CHU Saint -Pierre. Sciensano. AFMPS FAGG. (2020). Interim Clinical Guidance for Adults with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 in Belgium, 1–21. https://www.afmps.be/fr/effet_indesirable
Kumar, A., Arora, A., Sharma, P., Anikhindi, S. A., Bansal, N., Singla, V., Khare, S., & Srivastava, A. (2020). Is diabetes mellitus associated with mortality and severity of COVID- 19? A meta-analysis Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 14 (2020), 535-545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.044
Lai, C. C., Liu, Y. H., Wang, C. Y., Wang, Y. H., Hsueh, S. C., Yen, M. Y., Ko, W. C., & Hsueh, P. R. (2020). Asymptomatic carrier state, acute respiratory disease, and pneumonia due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Facts and myths. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, 53(3), 404–412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.02.012
Lu, R., Zhao, X., Li, J., Niu, P., Yang, B., Wu, B., Wang, W., Song, H., Huang, B., Zhu, N., Bi, Y., Ma, X., Zhan, F., Wang, L., Hu, T., Zhou, H., Hu, Z., Zhou, W., Zhao, L., Chen, J., Meng, Y., Wang, J., Lin, Y., Yuan, J., Xie, Z., Ma, J., Liu, W. J., & Wa, W. (2020). Genomic characterization and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet, 2020(395),565–574. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8
Roncon, L., Zuin, M., Rigatelli, G., & Zuliani, G. (2020). Diabetic patients with COVID-19 infection are at higher risk of ICU admission and poor short-term outcome. Journal of Clinical Virology, 127(2020),104354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104354
Safrizal, Z. A., Putra, D. I., Sofyan, S., & Bimo. (2020). Pedoman Umum Menghadapi Pandemi COVID-19. Retrieved from https://www.kemendagri.go.id/documents/covid-19/Buku_Pedoman_Covid-19_KEMENDAGRI.pdf
Singh, A. K., Gupta, R., Ghosh, A., & Misra, A. (2020). Diabetes in COVID-19: Prevalence, pathophysiology, prognosis and practical considerations. Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews, 14(4), 303–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.004
Singh, A. K., Singh, A., Shaikh, A., Singh, R., & Misra, A. (2020). Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 with or without diabetes: A systematic search and a narrative review with a special reference to India and other developing countries. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 14 (2020),241-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.03.011
The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology Team. (2020). Vital Surveillances: The Epidemiological Characteristics of an Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) — China, 2020. China CDC Weekly, 41(2), 145–151. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.02.003
Wang, W., Lu, J., Gu, W., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., & Ning, G. (2020). Care for diabetes with COVID-19: Advice from China. Journal of Diabetes, 2020(12), 417–419. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13036
Yan, Y., Yang, Y., Wang, F., Ren, H., Zhang, S., Shi, X., Yu, X., & Dong, K. (2020). Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe covid-19 with diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care, 8(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001343.
![88+ Daftar Jurnal Sinta 5 Gratis Yang Terbit Bulan Ini? [Update 2022]](https://stiqwalisongo.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/sinta-5.jpg){kind=small}
