Penatalaksanaan Holistik Wanita Usia 64 Tahun dengan Gout Arthritis dan Hiperkolesterolemia melalui Pendekatan Kedokteran Keluarga
Abstract
Gout arthritis merupakan penyakit progresif yang bersifat kronik akibat deposisi kristal monosodium urat (MSU) di persendian, ginjal, dan jaringan ikat karena hiperurisemia. Gout dapat dikendalikan melalui pola hidup sehat dan dibutuhkan dukungan dari keluarga sehingga perlu penatalaksanaan holistik. Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan patogenesis terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular seperti penyakit jantung koroner, stroke, dan sindrom metabolik. Faktor risiko peningkatan kadar kolesterol adalah konsumsi makanan berlemak tinggi, merokok, dan kelebihan berat badan. Tatalaksana berupa farmakologi disertai intervensi gaya hidup, seperti diet, olahraga, dan penghentian merokok. Penerapan pelayanan dokter keluarga berbasis evidence based medicine pada pasien untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko, masalah klinis, serta penatalaksanaan pasien berdasarkan kerangka penyelesaian masalah pasien dengan pendekatan patient centered dan family approach. Studi ini merupakan laporan kasus. Data primer diperoleh melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik dan kunjungan ke rumah. Penilaian berdasarkan diagnosis holistik dari awal, proses dan akhir secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pasien memiliki kekhawatiran dalam aktivitas, gangguan makanan, dan pengetahuan yang kurang mengenai penyakitnya. Pengetahuan keluarga tentang penyakit pasien masih rendah. Setelah dilakukan intervensi, didapatkan perubahan pengetahuan pasien mengenai penyakitnya, penurunan kadar asam urat dan kolesterol, keluhan pasien berkurang, perubahan pola diet pasien, kebiasaan olahraga atau aktivitas fisik.
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