Dampak Sosial Jetlag terhadap Kesehatan Remaja: A Scoping Review
Abstract
Remaja mengalami gangguan pola tidur/bangun yang disebut social jetlag. Gangguan ini merupakan gangguan ritme sirkadian yang melibatkan ketidakselarasan antara waktu biologis dan program sosial hal tersebut berdampak pada kesehatan dan proses perkembangan remaja. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi sampai saat ini belum ada review yang mensintesis secara spesifik mengidentifikasi bukti-bukti studi tentang dampak risiko kesehatan yang terkait dengan social jetlag pada remaja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi bukti-bukti terbaru mengenai dampak kesehatan terkait social jetlag pada remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan scoping review. Sumber literatur diperoleh melalui pencarian dengan menggunakan database yang terdiri dari PUBMED, Science Direct dan Scopus dari 2019-2023. Kriteria inklusi dalam pemilihan artikel yaitu 1) rentang publikasi artikel 5 tahun terakhir; 2) Bahasa inggris; 3) tema artikel terkait dengan dampak kronotipe pada remaja, 4) tersedia full teks, original artikel dan dapat diakses. Pada metode ini menggunakan framework yang dikembangkan oleh Arksey dn O’Malley dengan beberapa tapahan yaitu: 1. Mengidentifikasi pertanyaan penelitian; 2. Mengidentifikasi study yang relevan; 3. Melakukan seleksi artikel penelitian; 4. Melakukan charting data; 5. Selanjutnya menyusun, meringkas dan melaporkan hasil dari literatur yang didapat sejumlah 11 artikel dari 213 artikel yang didapat. Berdasarkan artikel yang didapatkan, peneliti mengklasifikasikan dampak social jetlag pada kesehatan remaja dalam 2 aspek yaitu aspek fisik seperti obesitas, ganguan metabolik dan kardiovaskuler. Serta gangguan dan psikologis seperti kecemasan, keadaan suasana hati yang negatif serta ketahan yang lebih rendah. Social jetlag berdampak pada seluruh aspek dalam proses perkembangan remaja.
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