Astaxanthin untuk Kesehatan Kardiovaskular
Abstract
Penyakit kardiovaskular adalah penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia. Adanya dislipidemia, gangguan toleransi glukosa, dan hipertensi dengan akumulasi lemak visceral yang disebut sindrom metabolik, meningkatkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Sindrom metabolik sering ditandai dengan stres oksidatif, gangguan keseimbangan antara produksi reactive oxygen species dan pertahanan antioksidan. Sementara itu, astaxanthine diketahui memiliki karakteristik antioksidan yang kuat, yang telah dilaporkan melampaui karakteristik β-karoten atau bahkan α-tokoferol. Penelitian ini merupakan literature review yang melibatkan sebanyak 20 sumber pustaka dengan kata kunci yang digunakan antara lain ‘astaxanthin, cardiovascular disease dan xanthophyll carotenoid’ dengan tahun terbit antara 2006-2020. Abstrak dan full text jurnal dibaca dan dicermati, kemudian dilakukan analisis terhadap isi yang terdapat dalam tujuan penelitian dan hasil/temuan penelitian. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan adanya beberapa manfaat yang dapat secara langsung atau tidak langsung dari astaxanthin berkaitan dengan potensi antioksidannya, termasuk kemampuannya untuk mengurangi atau menetralkan produksi ROS, sehingga meningkatkan aktivitas enzim pembersih radikal. Astaxanthin juga berperan sebagai anti inflamasi dan berperan dalam metabolisme lipid melalui efek hipokolesterolemik serta melindungi dari iskemia reperfusi. Astaxanthin di ketahui dapat memberikan manfaat bagi kesehatan kardiovaskular melalui berbagai mekanisme seperti peran antioksidan yang lebih baik, anti inflamasi, efek hipokolesterolemik dalam metabolisme lipid dan melindungi dari iskemia reperfusi.
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