Vitamin D sebagai Terapi Potensial Anak Gizi Buruk
Abstract
Masalah malnutrisi (gizi buruk) masih menjadi isu kesehatan global. Gizi buruk merupakan penyebab kematian tertinggi anak di negara berkembang. Malnutrisi adalah keadaan kekurangan energi dan protein berat akibat ketidakseimbangan antara ambilan makanan dengan kebutuhan gizi. Keadaan malnutrisi energi-protein sering dikaitkan dengan temuan kasus defisiensi vitamin D. Berdasarkan studi epidemiologi >50% anak malnutrisi berat juga mengalami defisiensi vitamin D. Pengoreksian melalui diet terapeutik sebagai standar pengobatan hanya mengandung vitamin D dalam jumlah sedang sehingga tidak cukup adekuat untuk mencukupi kebutuhan anak. Pemberian tambahan vitamin D3 dosis tinggi sebanyak 200.000 IU (5 mg) diduga mampu mengoreksi keadaan gizi buruk dengan meningkatkan berat badan dan nilai z-score anak. Literature review ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh pemberian vitamin D dalam memperbaiki tampilan klinis anak gizi buruk. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah penelusuran artikel melalui database NCBI dan Google Scholar. Tahun penerbitan sumber pustaka adalah dari tahun 2004 hingga 2019 dengan 29 sumber pustaka. Tema dalam artikel yang dikumpulkan yaitu terkait gambaran pengaruh pemberian vitamin D dalam meningkatkan berat badananak gizi buruk. Hasil dari sintesa 24 artikel yang telah ditemukan terdapat pengaruh pemberian vitamin D (cholecalciferol) terhadap kenaikan berat badan sebagai hasil kumulatif lemak di jaringan adiposa sehingga cukup potensial sebagai terapi gizi buruk.
Kata kunci: Vitamin D, gizi buruk, berat badan, cholecalciferol
VITAMIN D AS POTENTIAL THERAPY FOR MALNUTRITION CHILD
ABSTRACT
Malnutrition (malnutrition) is still a global health problem. Malnutrition is the highest cause of deaths children in developing countries. Malnutrition is the impact of lack of energy and protein due to an imbalance between food intake and nutritional needs. The symptoms are marasmus, kwashiorkor or marasmik-kwashiorkor. Energy-protein malnutrition is often related to the case finding of vitamin D deficiency, which is caused by epidemiological studies>50% of severely malnourished children also have vitamin D deficiency. Correcting malnutrition with a therapeutic diet as a standard is sufficient to meet the child's needs. An additional 200,000 IU (5 mg) of high-dose vitamin D3 supplements can replace malnutrition by increasing the child's weight and z-score. This review summarizes the role of vitamin D as a potential therapy in improving infant health and well-being and malnutrition. The method taken by the article was made using the literature review method, involving 29 books, national or international journals. The results of a review of 24 articles that show the difference between vitamin D (cholecalciferol) and weight gain as a result of cumulative fat in adipose tissue through increased intracellular calcium, is quite potentially used as a supplementary therapy for child nutrition.
Keywords: vitamin D, malnutrition, weight, cholecalciferol
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